11.故宫博物馆

Forbidden City Museum

Material I

1. In the center of Beijing, there is a city within a city, which is the Forbidden City.

2. Now people call it the Forbidden City, also called the Palace Museum.

3. It was the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and is the largest and most complete ancient palace complex that exists in China, with a history of nearly six hundred years.

 4. the Forbidden City walls more than ten meters high, there are four gates: south of the Wu Gate, north of the Shen Wu Gate, east and west of the East China Gate, West China

5. The Palace City is rectangular in shape, covering an area of 720,000 square meters, with more than seventy large and small palaces, houses more than 9,000 rooms.

6. Outside the city walls is a moat more than 50 meters wide.

7. the four corners of the city walls, each - a delicate and exquisite corner tower.

8. The Forbidden City complex is large in scale, exquisite in architecture, uniform in layout, and reflects the unique style of China's ancient architectural art.

 9. From Tiananmen Square, walk inside, along a straight avenue through the Duanmen, you will arrive at the front of the Gate.

10. Gate is commonly known as the five phoenix building, is the main gate of the Forbidden City.

11. Into the gate is a wide courtyard, curved Jinshui River like a jade belt across the east and west, the river is five exquisite white jade stone bridges.

12. north of the bridge is the Taihe Gate, a pair of powerful bronze lions guarding the two sides of the gate.

13. After entering the Taihe Gate, you will come to the center of the Forbidden City - the Three Great Halls: Taihe Hall, Zhonghe Hall and Baohe Hall.

14. The three halls stand on a seven-meter-high white stone pedestal.

15. The pedestal has three levels, the edge of each level is surrounded by Chinese white jade railings, the railings are carved with dragons and phoenixes, the four corners and lookout pillars below more than a thousand round carved ao, ao mouth have a small round hole, is the drainage pipe of the pedestal.

16. Taihe Hall, commonly known as the Golden Palace, is 28 meters high and covers an area of more than 2,380 square meters, making it the largest hall in the Forbidden City.

17. Under the blue sky, the golden glazed tile roof, looks particularly brilliant.

18. Hall eaves arch, frontal square, beams and columns, decorated with green and blue dotted gold and paste gold color painting.

19. The front is twelve red columns, gold windows, vermilion lacquer doors, with the foundation of the mutual reflection, bright colors, majestic.

20. In the middle of the hall is a two-meter-high vermilion lacquer square platform, on which is placed a gold lacquer carved dragon throne, behind which is a carved dragon screen.

21. There are six tall golden pillars with coiled dragons on either side of the square platform, each of which is coiled with a robust golden dragon. Looking up at the roof of the temple, there is a huge carved gold coiled dragon in the central algae well.

22. from the mouth of the dragon hanging down a large silver-white round pearl, surrounded by six small beads, the dragon's head, the pearl is facing the throne below. 23. gorgeous color painting between the beams and square, there are two dragons playing pearl, a single dragon flying dance, there are walking dragon, rising dragon, descending dragon, multi-styled, the dragon body is also surrounded by flowing clouds of flame.

24. The three halls are built on the central axis of the Forbidden City.

25. This line is also the central axis of Beijing, extending southward from the Wu Gate to Tiananmen to Zhengyang Gate and Yongding Gate, and northward from Shenwumen to Di'anmen and Drum Tower, a total length of about eight kilometers.

26. Taihe Hall was the place where major ceremonies were held.

27. The emperor received congratulations here on his reign, birthday, wedding and New Year's Day.

28. Every ceremony, the emperor sitting on the throne, the white stone platform outside the hall, kneeling full of civil and military officials, the middle of the imperial road on both sides of the arrangement of ceremonial battles, the hall corridor, chimes, music.

29. on the pedestal incense burners and copper turtle, copper crane lit sandalwood incense or pine branches, smoke.

 30. Behind the Hall of Taihe is the Hall of Zhonghe.

31. This is a pavilion-shaped square hall, the roof of the hall to save the four hanging ridge together, the center of a large round gilded treasure roof placed in a very beautiful silhouette.

32. When the ceremony was held, the emperor first rested here.

 33. behind the Hall of peace is the Hall of peace.

34. After Yongzheng, this is where the highest level of examination - the temple examinations were held.

 35. from the hall of peace, down the stone steps is a small rectangular square.

36. square west from the Longzong Gate, east to Jing Yunmen.

37. It divides the Forbidden City into two major parts, front and back.

38. South of the square, the main building is the three halls and the east and west of the Mandarin Hall, Wuying Hall, called the "front".

39. north of the square within the Qianqing Gate called "inner court", is the emperor and the consort living place, the main buildings are Qianqing Palace, Jiaotai Palace, Kunning Palace and the East six palaces, West six palaces.

 40. Qianqing Palace was the place where the emperor handled daily government affairs, reviewed various documents, and later received foreign envoys.

 41. behind the Qianqing Palace is the Jiaotai Palace, behind the Jiaotai Palace is the Kunning Palace.

42. Kunning Palace is the Palace of the Empress, but also the emperor's wedding place.

43. Qianqing Palace, Jiaotai Palace, Kunning Palace together called the "three palaces".

44. The layout and the first three halls are basically the same, but the solemn atmosphere is reduced, there are obvious changes in the color patterns.

45. The first three halls of the pattern to the dragon, after the three palaces of phoenix gradually increased, the emergence of the double phoenix sunrise, the dragon and phoenix color painting, and flying wind, dancing phoenix, phoenix peony and other patterns.

 46. After the three palaces to the north is the imperial garden.

47. The imperial garden is not very large, with more than twenty buildings of various sizes, but there is no feeling of crowding and repetition.

48. The layout of the buildings and the atmosphere of the environment here are very different from the previous parts.

49. pavilions and pavilions, ponds and water pavilions, hidden in the green pines and cypresses;

40. The rockery, flower beds and bonsai, vines and bamboos are dotted around.

41. When you come here, it is like entering the Suzhou Garden.

42. From the Imperial Garden, you will come to the northern gate of the Forbidden City, the Shenwu Gate, and across the street is Jingshan.

43. It is said that Jingshan was built with the mud excavated from the moat during the Ming Dynasty when the Forbidden City was built, and now it has become the scenic Jingshan Park.

44. Looking at the Forbidden City from the height of Jingshan, there are many halls, layers of pavilions and palace walls, which are intricately connected and well organized.

45. Such a magnificent architectural complex and such a harmonious and unified layout cannot but be astonishing.

Material 2

1. a cold winter night, the Imperial dining room on the west side of the Taihe Hall suddenly caught fire, the fire spread all the way, two hours later burned the Hall of Taihe.

2. After that, Taihe Hall remained in ruins for 18 years.

 3. Until the 34th year of Kangxi, the world was at peace.

4. At this time, the Kangxi emperor was freed up to rebuild the temple.

 5. This restoration encountered a big problem.

6. Taihe Temple was last rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty, the year of Tianqi, sixty-nine years have passed, people do not know the exact proportions of the building and data of the various parts of Taihe Temple.

7. A man named Liang Jiu made a turnaround in this matter.

8. Liang Jiu from the Ming Dynasty Chongzhen years into the Ministry of Public Works, has served in the Ministry of Public Works for more than 40 years.

9. Liang Jiu made a wooden model of the Taihe Temple in a scale of one to ten, and relied on the enlargement of the components of this model to complete the construction of the structure of the Temple.

10. Amazingly, each wooden part of the enlargement was installed in a seamless manner.

11. In the 36th year of Kangxi, the Hall of Harmony was completed.

Material 3

Welcome to the National Palace Museum!

1. The Forbidden City in Beijing (formerly known as the Forbidden City) was a royal palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties.

2. 1961, approved by the State Council, the Forbidden City was designated as a national key cultural relics protection units.

3. In 1987, the Forbidden City was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.

3. since July 2, 2011, the National Palace Museum implemented a one-way tour from south to north program: the entrance to visit the Noon Gate (South Gate), the audience will enter the Palace through the Noon Gate;

4. Shenmu Gate (North Gate) for the visit exit, the audience can leave the Palace after the visit by Shenmu Gate or Donghua Gate (East Gate).